Surplus value

'''Surplus value''', according to Marxism, is unpaid labour that is extracted from the worker by the capitalist, and serves as the basis for capitalist accumulation. It is the labour that workers perform for their capitalist employers beyond what is necessary to produce enough to pay for their wages. Surplus value is a concept inextricably tied to Marx's labour theory of value, and is central to his account of exploitation under capitalism. According to Marx, absolute surplus value is extracted simply by the lengthening of the working day (i.e. surplus labour time), whereas relative surplus value is extracted by either: a. The lowering of wages — this can only go to a certain point, because if wages fall bellow the ability of workers to purchase their means of subsistence, they will be unable to reproduce themselves and the capitalists will not be able to find sufficient labor power. b. Or by lowering the value of the means of subsistence — this requires higher productivity with respect to producing the means of subsistence, instruments of production and raw materials (i.e. lowering necessary labour time). The extraction of Surplus-value from workers by capitalists, both individual and corporations, is manifested in and is acquired through the form of profits, interest and rent. ------------- Total value produced = total labour performed = paid labour (the value of labour-power: variable capital)

plus

unpaid labour. Thus, surplus-value = total value produced

minus

paid labour. ----------

References:

Theories of Surplus-Value (1863)

Category: Marxist theory

Value, Price and Profit (1865)

Capital, Volume 1, Volume 2, Volume 3

zh:剩余价值 de:Mehrwert it:Valore aggiunto

urplus value Srplus value Suplus value Surlus value Surpus value Surpls value Surplu value Surplusvalue Surplus alue Surplus vlue Surplus vaue Surplus vale Surplus valu uSrplus value Sruplus value Suprlus value Surlpus value Surpuls value Surplsu value Surplu svalue Surplusv alue Surplus avlue Surplus vlaue Surplus vaule Surplus valeu Surplus valu SSurplus value Suurplus value Surrplus value Surpplus value Surpllus value Surpluus value Surpluss value Surplus value Surplus vvalue Surplus vaalue Surplus vallue Surplus valuue Surplus valuee urplus value srplus value suplus value surlus value surpus value surpls value surplu value surplusvalue surplus alue surplus vlue surplus vaue surplus vale surplus valu usrplus value sruplus value suprlus value surlpus value surpuls value surplsu value surplu svalue surplusv alue surplus avlue surplus vlaue surplus vaule surplus valeu surplus valu ssurplus value suurplus value surrplus value surpplus value surpllus value surpluus value surpluss value surplus value surplus vvalue surplus vaalue surplus vallue surplus valuue surplus valuee

Search box

More info

Surplus value

See also:

References:

surplus-value.search.ipupdater.com